Thanks to pap smears, doctors can find and treat it early. When a male and female sex cell unite, an offspring grows and develops. Diseases and disorders of the reproductive system boundless. Cancer isnt usually top of mind for young women, but this type caused by the human papillomavirus hpv is a serious threat. Reproductive tract infections rtis include three types of infection. Reproductive system anatomy of male reproductive system. This number declines to 400,000 to 500,000 by the time puberty is reached.
These diseases may adversely affect fertility, diminish quality of life or cause potentially lifethreatening illness. Such diseases can also be caused by genetic or congenital abnormalities, infections, tumours. Internal genitals vagina the vagina is a muscular, hollow tube that extends from the vaginal opening to the cervix of the uterus. In sexual reproduction, two individuals produce offspring that have some of the genetic characteristics of both parents. Reproductive health epidemiology series case study. Despite a decrease in the prevalence of syphilis since the 1960s due to increased use of antibiotics, the number of cases. Malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. The word gynaecology comes from the greek gyne woman and logia study. Hystero, metr hysterectomy, endometritis inflammation of the lining of uterus salpingo, salpinx.
Female reproductive system an overview sciencedirect. Infertility results from female factors about onethird of the time and male factors about onethird of the time. Reproductive health class 12 pdf download female reproductive sy. Reproductive tract infection rti are infections that affect the reproductive tract, which is part of the reproductive system. In patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, at least 3540% of patients have mutations in 20 genes and digenic disease may affect up to 310%. This includes all the inherited or acquired diseases, abnormal functioning of the glands related to secretion of sex hormones, infections, and other diseases erupting from unknown causes. Disorders of the female reproductive system can occur as a result of disease in one of the many varied reproductive organs. University of arkansas system a n r fsa3125 livestock health series reproductive diseases of beef cattle jeremy powell, dvm. Reproductive disorders of female cats cat owners merck. Genetic and rare diseases information center gard po box 8126, gaithersburg, md 208988126 tollfree.
Female reproductive disorders undpunfpawhoworld bank, 2009 some female reproductive disorders linked to fertility and fecundity may occur during fetal development. Transvaginal us places the sound probe in the vagina instead of across the pelvis or abdomen, producing a sharper examination of normal and pathologic structures within the pelvis. Diseases of the female reproductive system affect millions of american women of all ages each year 1. Microsoft powerpoint chapter 17 reproductive system compatibility mode author. But they still have lots of questions about their changing bodies. The female reproductive system is described from its gross anatomical, histological, and physiological perspectives. In 2007, buck louis and cooney postulated that environmental factors can impact the developing ovary and female reproductive tract, inducing structural and functional changes that may manifest as reproductive disorders later in life and predispose women to complex diseases such as cancer.
Female reproductive system pathology female reproductive system structure fig. Dystocia should be considered in any of the following situations. The papanicolaou test also called pap smear, pap test, cervical smear, or smear test is a screening test used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the endocervical canal transformation zone of the female reproductive system. Female reproductive system ans 215 physiology and anatomy of domesticated animals i. Female reproductive system an overview sciencedirect topics. Grades 6 to 8 human body series female reproductive system. A total view of human reproductive health is basic to personal wellbeing as well as tointerpersonal relationships. For females, reproductive tract infections can affect the upper reproductive tract fallopian tubes, ovary and uterus and the lower reproductive tract vagina, cervix and vulva.
During the reproductive years, these disorders often present. Male reproductive disorders, diseases, and costs of. The burden of male reproductive health problems is significant, both at the individual and population level. A sexually transmitted infection is passed between people during unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner. Normal female reproductive tract histology ovary 1. During the reproductive years, these disorders often present as altered menstruation, pelvic pain, or infertility. Although brucellosis is rarely spread through breeding, it is still dangerous for a bull to breed an l5223 1098 reproductive diseases in cattle d edited by l.
For language access assistance, contact the ncats public information officer. Female reproductive disorders, diseases, and costs of. Human physiology the female reproductive system 5 cut by a scalpel. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Due to the complexity of the development of the reproductive system, many factors may alter. There are many available treatments, which will depend on the cause of infertility. Reproductive tract infections r eproductive t ract i nfections l earning o bjectives this module is designed for reproductive health professionals inter ested in conducting surveillance and epidemiologic studies related to reproductive tract infections rtis and who need a working knowledge of epidemiologic and analytic issues specific to rtis. Reproductive cancers are cancer that is in the organs related to reproduction. There are many potential causes that lead to reproductive.
Reproductive diseases of beef cattle livestock health series. Although a man is needed to reproduce, it is the woman who incubates the. Provide an environment for the growth and nourishment of the developing fetus after fertilization. Some people have some or none of the following symptoms. The reproductive system produces gametes for reproduction and. Pdf malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. Reproduction is a touchy subject, complete with an extensive vocabulary of medical terminology. Chapter 17 reproductive system uw faculty web server. Under the control of endocrine system, these organs are engaged in the reproductive cycle of ovulation, fertilization, implantation, fetal growth, and parturition.
The primary function of the human reproductive system is to produce sex cells. Female infertility causes can be difficult to diagnose. Female reproductive diseases genetic and rare diseases. If you have problems viewing pdf files, download the latest version of adobe reader. The reproductive system in women consists of many parts such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, cervix, external genitals and uterus, but these different parts are also susceptible to many diseases that can harm fertility or lead to further serious illness.
Pelvic us is used to evaluate the female reproductive organs and the fetus during pregnancy. Objectives introduction of fgt clinical manifestations of fgt pathology pathology of valva pathology of vagina pathology of cervix pathology of myometrium pathology of endometrium pathology of fallopian tube pathology of ovary pathology gestational and placental disorders 3. The human reproductive system this scanning electron microscope image enlarges human sperm cells on a human egg cell thousands of times. Prevention of edc exposures has the potential to reduce the incidence of many male reproductive disorders and diseases and their associated health care and other social costs in the european union eu. Diseases of the human female reproductive system healthfully. On average, 500 oocytes are ovulated during a womans reproductive lifetime. You will read in this chapter that after one sperm cell enters an egg cell, other sperm cells cannot. The female reproductive system in marine mammals is composed of the basic mammalian reproductive organs. Disorders of the female reproductive tract pathophysiology. Diseases in the reproductive system linkedin slideshare. Cancer of the cervix, the lower end of the uterus that extends to the vagina ovarian cancer. If a physician decides the cut is necessary, they will perform it.
The gross and microscopic anatomical structures described in this chapter. Some reproductive cancers are caused by the human papillomavirus hpv. Most physicians currently specialize in combined practice of. Make sure you take the time to familiarize yourself with the ins and outs of the female reproductive system. In 2007, buck louis and cooney postulated that environmental factors can impact the developing ovary and female reproductive tract, inducing structural and functional changes that may manifest as reproductive disorders later in life and predispose women to. Female infertility symptoms and causes mayo clinic. Some female reproductive disorders linked to fertility and fecundity may occur during fetal development. Many stis are transmitted through the mucous membranes of the genitals, rectum, mouth, and throat. Literally, outside medicine, it means the science of women. Dec 19, 2017 the female reproductive system is one of the most vital parts of the human reproductive process. Common female reproductive conditions theres more to the female reproductive system than making babies. The human female reproductive system includes the external genitals, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries 1. A physician specializing in the diagnosis and management of pregnancy and delivering babies. Reproductive health class 12 pdf download female reproductive system reproductive health.
Gynecologist a physician specializing in diseases of the female reproductive system and surgery of this area. Reproductive system disease, any of the diseases and disorders that affect the human reproductive system. The cause is either unknown or a combination of male and female factors in the remaining cases. Human physiologythe female reproductive system 3 the ovaries of a newborn baby girl contain about one million oocytes.
Various aspects of male and female reproductive health, encompassing the basic physiology of reproductive function with a focus on wide range of disorders, diagnosis and treatment. Aug 14, 2017 the human female reproductive system includes the external genitals, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries 1. Genital herpes is an std caused by the herpes simplex virus. Its counterpart is andrology, which deals with medical issues specific to the male reproductive system. Female reproductive system many girls understand that menstruation is a big step on the road to sexual maturity. The human reproductive system and the ability to reproduce make life possible. The hpv vaccine protects against the hpv types that most often cause cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. The genetic basis of female reproductive disorders. Pathology of female reproductive system ovaries neoplastic diseases, cysts torsion, endometriosis, hemorrhagic corpus luteum, hormonal imbalance fallopian tubes infection, tubal pregnancy, neoplastic disease uterus corpus neoplastic disease, hyperplasia, functional bleeding, infection. Mar 16, 2012 diseases of the female reproductive system slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Current research journal deals with the male and female reproductive system and diseases associated with it. Genital warts is caused by human papillomavirus hpv. Female reproductive organs begin to develop between the fourth and fifth week of pregnancy, and continue until the 20 th week of pregnancy. Chapter 26 microbial diseases of the urinary and reproductive system introduction the urinary system regulates the chemical composition of the blood and excretes nitrogenous waste.
Chapter 17 reproductive system diseases and disorders anatomy and physiology female external structures vulva. Common reproductive health concerns for women reproductive. The reproductive system produces gametes for reproduction and, in the female, supports the growing embryo. Gonorrhea festered urine is an std caused by the neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium.
Reproductive diseases of beef cattle livestock health. Medical terminology related to the female reproductive system. Vulva group of structures at external opening of vagina mons pubis labia majora labia minor clitoris homologous to male penis. Reproductive cancers start in the organs related to reproduction sex. Female reproductive system terms hystero, metr uterus hysterectomy, endometritis inflammation of the lining of uterus salpingo, salpinx uterine tube salpingitis, hematosalpinx blood in the uterine tube colpo vagina colporrhaphy suturing a tear, colpoplasty surgical reconstruction, c.
Female reproductive system pathology infections pelvic inflammatory disease chronic, extensive infection of upper reproductive tract usually secondary to std neisseria, chlamydia salpingitis, tuboovarian abscess,peritonitis complications chronic nonspecific infection fever, malaise, fatigue. Cancer in the ovaries, the two organs that make female hormones and produce a womans eggs. They include abnormal hormone production by the ovaries or the testes or by other endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, or adrenals. Field professor and extension beef cattle specialist, associate professor and food animal veterinarian. Although a man is needed to reproduce, it is the woman who incubates the developing fetus and. Salpingitis, hematosalpinx blood in the uterine tube colporrhaphy suturing a tear, colpoplasty surgical reconstruction, colposcopy viewing the interior oophorectomy, oophoropexy surgery fixation. The female reproductive system is one of the most vital parts of the human reproductive process. Female reproductive system procedures des moines university. Reproductive system diseases is a generic term that refers to all the diseases that affect the organs of reproductive system in human beings. Hpv is a virus that is spread during sexual contact.
420 567 555 1466 713 1465 1288 223 272 1251 700 69 1635 1367 1330 1007 652 298 510 562 213 423 75 1065 704 924 889 684 794 799 314 1290 1062 1083 1475 726 994 1243 1078 765 713 786 621 235 1431